Solidification fouling

Freezing fouling. Overcoohng of a fluid below the fluids freezing point at the heat-transfer surface causes solidification and coating or the heat-transfer surface. 

Solidification fouling liquid and/or its components in liquid solution solidify on tube surface. 

For turbulent conditions in the fluids with a reasonable finite temperature difference, the onset of solidification is likely to be rapid, since no diffusion of material to the cold metal surface is required before fouling of the surface commences. Immediately solid appears on the surface a further resistance to the transfer of heat is added to the system, thereby reducing the rate of heat transfer. 

Bott, T.R., 1981, Fouling due to liquid solidification, in Somerscales, E.F.C. and Knudsen, J.G. eds. Fouling of Heat Transfer Equipment. Hemisphere Publishing Corp. Washington. 

Solidification fouling] wall temperature too cold/missing insulation/cold spots on wall/sublimation. 

Solidification Fouling the freezing of a pure liquid or the higher melting constituents of a multi-component solution onto a subcooled surface. 

There is no way of eliminating the fouling problem in respect to freezing pure substances unless the temperature conditions can be changed to avoid solidification temperatures on the surface. Additives can sometimes be used for mixtures. Scraped surface heat exchangers are aiso used to reduce the effects of freezing fouiing. 

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