Food products, penetration depths

The penetration depth is an important measure that is often used to assess whether an electromagnetic field at a certain frequency can provide a relatively uniform heating in a given food product (Regier and Schubert, 2005). The penetration depth (dp) is usually defined as the depth into a sample where the microwave power has fallen to 1/e (e = 2.718) or 36.8% of its transmitted value. The penetration depth is a function of e and e", and can be calculated as (Mujumdar, 2006) ... 

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