Folding Pathways and Energy Landscapes

J. D. Bryngelson, J. N. Onuchic, N. D. Socci, and R G. Wolynes, Funnels, pathways and energy landscape of protein folding. Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet. 21, 167-195 (1995). 

Bryngelson J D, Onuchic J N, Socci N D and Wolynes P G 1995 Funnels, pathways, and the energy landscape of protein folding a synthesis Profe/ns 21 167-95... 

Bryngelson J D, J N Onuchic, N D Socci and P G Wolynes 1995. Funnels, Pathways, and the Energy Landscape of Protein Folding A Synthesis. Proteins Structure, Function and Genetics 21 167-195. 

In chemistry, one area that has received outstanding attention is that of RNA folding, shape, and evolution. Peter Schuster, Walter Fontana, Peter Stadler and their colleagues have made major contributions. Among the concepts here are energy landscapes for computer-folded models of RNA molecules, the evolution of model RNA sequences over these landscapes in sequence space, the folded shapes of model RNA sequences, and the existence of connected neutral pathways across sequence space among model RNA molecules that fold to the same shape. 

Fiqu re 19.17 Reduction of the folding funnel to a conventional reaction coordinate diagram. This reconciles the classical view of a pathway with the new view of an energy landscape and an ensemble of conformations. [After W. A. Eaton, P. A. Thompson, C. K. Chan, S. Hagen, and J. Hofrichter, Structure 4,1133 (1996).]... 

Abkevich, V. I., Gutin, A. M., and Shakhnovich, E. I., Free energy landscape for protein folding kinetics Intermediates, traps, and multiple pathways in theory and lattice model simulations. J. Chem. Phys. 101, 6052 (1994). 

Wang, J., Onuchic, J., and Wolynes, P, Statistics of kinetic pathways on biased rough energy landscapes with applications to protein folding. Phys Rev. Lett. 76, 4861 (1996). 

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