Folate brain development

Folate play an important role in the biosynthesis of DNA bases and in amino acid metabolism. An adeguate intake of folate reduces the risk of abnormalities in early embryonic brain development, specifically the risk of malformations of the embryonic brain/spinal cord. Therefore a proper intake is strictly recommended for pregnant women. Megaloblastic anemia is the ultimate consequence of an inadequate folate intake. No adverse effects have been associated with the consumption of excess folate from foods [417]. 

All nutrients are important for neuronal cell growth and development, but manipulation of some nutrients appears to cause more effects than others. Protein, energy, iron, zinc, selenium, iodine, folate, vitamin A, choline, and LC-PUFAs are nutritional components that influence early brain development with measurable clinical effects in humans and animal models (Georgieff and Rao, 2001). A nutrient that promotes normal brain development at one time and concentration may be toxic at another time or concentration. Many nutrients, such as iron, are regulated within a very narrow range because deficiency and toxicity have profound effects in brain development. 

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