Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy applications

Thompson NL, Wang X, Navaratnarajah P (2009) Total internal reflection with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy Applications to substrate-supported planar membranes. J Struct Biol 168(1) 95-106... 

Application of Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy to the Measurement of Local Temperature at a Small Area in Solution... 

Application of Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy 145 Table 8.1 Local temperature deviation, extinction coefficient, thermal conductivity. 

Krichevsky, O. and Bonnet, G. (2002) Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy the technique and its applications. Rep. Prog. Phys., 65, 251-297. 

Application of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to the measurement of local temperature in solutions under optical trapping condition./. Phys. Chem. B, 111, 2365-2371. 

The dynamics of intercalation of small molecules with DNA, groove binding and binding to specific sites, such as base pair mismatches have been studied by stopped-flow,23,80 108 temperature jump experiments,26,27,94 109 120 surface plasmon resonance,121 129 NMR,86,130 135 flash photolysis,136 138 and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.64 The application of the various techniques to study the binding dynamics of small molecules will be analyzed for specific examples of each type of binding. 

Under the same optical configuration, FCS (Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy) measurements (see Section 11.3) can be carried out on samples at the singlemolecule level under conditions where the average number of fluorescent molecules in the excitation volume is less than 1. It should be noted that at low fluorophore concentrations, the time required to obtain satisfactory statistics for the fluctuations may become problematic in practical applications (e.g. for a concentration of 1 fM, a fluorophore crosses a confocal excitation volume every 15 min). 

Madge D. (1976) Chemical Kinetics and Applications of Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, Quart. Rev. Biophys. 9, 35—47. 

R. Rigler, J. Widengren, and U. Mets, Interactions and kinetics of single molecules as observed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, in Fluorescence Spectroscopy, New Methods and Applications (0. S. Wolfbeis, ed.), pp. 13-24, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1993). 

Hess, S. T., Huang, S. H., Heikal, A. A., andWebb, W. W. 2002. Biological and chemical applications of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy A review. Biochem. 41 697-705. 

Elson, E.L. and Rigler, R. (2000) Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Theory and applications, (eds.), Springer, Heidelberg. 

R. Rigler and E. L. Elson (Eds.). Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy Theory and Applications. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2001. 

U. Mets, in Fluorescence Correlation spectroscopy. Theory and Application, ed. by R. Rigler, E. Elson (Springer, New York, 2000) pp. 346-359... 

S.T. Hess, S. Huang, A.A. Heikal, W.W. Webb, Biological and chemical applications of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy a review. Biochemistry 41(3), 697-705 (2002)... 

E. Petrov, P. Schwille, in State of the Art and Novel Trends in fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Standardization and Quality Assurance in Fluorescence Measurements II Bioanalytical and Biomedical Applications (Springer, Heidelberg, 2007)... 

Z. Foldes-Papp and M. Kinjo, in Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Theory and Applications , p. 25, Springer, Berlin etc. (2001). 

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is based on exciting a small number of molecules in a femtoliter volume and correlating the fluctuations of the fluorescence intensity. The fluctuations are caused by diffusion, rotation, intersystem crossing, conformational changes, or other random effects. The technique dates back to a work of Magde, Elson and Webb published in 1972 [335]. Theory and applications of FCS are described in [51, 429, 430, 431, 456, 457, 497, 537, 556]. 

K.M. Berland, P.T.C. So, E. Gratton, Two-photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Method and application to the intracellular environment, Bio-phys. J. 68, 694-701 (1995)... 

Kim, S.A. Schwille, R Intracellular applications of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy prospects for neuroscience. Curr. Opin. Neutvbiol 2003,13, 583-590. 

In contrast to the other listed single molecule techniques, measurements based on fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) can already be performed both routinely and rapidly. Moreover, FCS is applied in many scientific disciplines and the number of applications of this technique is growing very rapidly. Thus, its principles will be briefly outlined Usually, a sharply focused laser beam illuminates a volume element of about 10 1 by using confocal or multi-photon microscopy. 

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