Fluid thermodynamic fundamental

This chapter deals with critical phenomena in simple ionic fluids. Prototypical ionic fluids, in the sense considered here, are molten salts and electrolyte solutions. Ionic states occur, however, in many other systems as well we quote, for example, metallic fluids or solutions of complex particles such as charged macromolecules, colloids, or micelles. Although for simple atomic and molecular fluids thermodynamic anomalies near critical points have been extensively studied for a century now [1], for a long time the work on ionic fluids remained scarce [2, 3]. Reviewing the rudimentary information available in 1990, Pitzer [4] noted fundamental differences in critical behavior between ionic and nonionic fluids. 

The values in this table were generated from the NIST REFPROP software (Lemmon, E. W, McLinden, M. O., and Huber, M. L., NIST Standard Reference Database 23 Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties—REFPROP, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Standard Reference Data Program, Gaithersburg, Md., 2002, Version 7.1). The primary source for the thermodynamic properties is Lemmon, E. W., and Span, R., Short Fundamental Equations of State for 20 Industrial Fluids, /, Chem. Eng. Data, 51(3) 785 50,2006. Validatedequationsforthe viscosity and thermal conductivity are not currently available for this fluid. 

The values in these tables were generated from the NIST REFPROP software (Lemmon, E. W., McLinden, M.O., and Huber, M.L., NIST Standard Reference Database 23 Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties—REFPROP, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Standard Reference Data Program, Gaithersburg, Md., 2002, Version 7.1). The primary source for the thermodynamic properties is Dillon, H. E., and Penoncello, S. G., A Fundamental Equation for Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Ethanol, Int. J. Thermophys., 25(2) 321-335,2004. The source for viscosity is Kiselev, S. B., Ely, J. E, Abdulagatov, I. M., and Huber, M. L., Generalized SAFT-DFT/DMT Model for the Thermodynamic, Interfacial, and Transport Properties of Associating Fluids Application for n-Alkmols, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 44 6916-6927, 2005. The source for thermal conductivity is unpublished, 2004 however, the fit uses functional form found in Marsh, K., Perkins, R., and Ramires, M.L.V, Measurement and Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Propane from 86 to 600 K at Pressures to 70 MPa, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47(4) 932-940, 2002. 

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