Flow in nozzles

Ideal (Frictionless) Flow in Nozzles The flow path in well-formed nozzles follows smoothly along the nozzle contour without separating from the wall. The effects of small imperfections and small frictional losses are accounted for by correcting the ideal nozzle flow by an empirically determined coefficient of mscharge. The acceleration of a fluid initially at rest to flowing conditions in an ideal nozzle is given by ... 

NMR microscopy is appropriate to study the flow behavior of complex materials, the flow in complex geometric structures and processes such as extrusion, injection moulding, flow in nozzles, pipes, etc., because the velocity vectors can be directly... 

Henry and Fauske (1971) developed a model for critical flow in nozzles and short tubes, which allows for nonequilibrium effects and considers a two-phase mixture upstream of the break by using an empirical correlation to relate actual dXIdp to the value (flXJdp) under equilibrium conditions. For a dispersed flow, they assumed that... 

Detonation (and Explosion), Meyer Flow in Nozzle Theory. See under Detonation (and Explosion), Nozzle Theory or Expanding Jet Theory of Jones and also in Cook (1958), p 124... 

All terms in reaction equation which can vary with gas flow in nozzle... 

Giffen, E. and Crang, T.F. (1946). Steam flow in nozzles velocity coefficient at low steam speeds. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 155, 83-92. 

The most complete mathematical description of gas-particle jet interaction is based on the Boltzmann kinetic equation [1]. Due to computational difficulties it is expedient to apply approximate methods of modeling. For example, Babukha et al [2] developed the effective simulation methods of flows in nozzles and Berman et al [3] in intersecting jets. These models take into consideration particle momentum exchanges in polydispersed flows. 

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