Industry finance and investment

The next step would be to build a large scale plant of 50 ktonnes per year. However, such an investment needs financing and a commitment of the European PVC industry to this initiative (i.e., a choice for this technology as the feedstock recycling process for PVC waste). Building the plant would take about 5 years. At this stage, it seems that within the PVC industry there is more support for the Linde and Vinyloop processes. 

The other question to ponder is how these different types of company will address the relationship with academia. The availability of finance and the cost of labour will determine what type of company will be based in the UK, and that in turn will control the interaction between industry and the universities. If the headquarters is in the UK for historical reasons, but the operating divisions and units are in other countries, why would they invest in UK academic polymer science ... 

The chapter is divided into two sections. The first section focuses on procurement as an industrial policy in African pharmaceutical markets. It takes a detailed microeconomic look at procurement design from the perspective of local pharmaceutical firms, for whom access to working capital is a major developmental constraint. Using illustrative data from Zimbabwe, the chapter shows that procurement can be either a source of finance or a serious drain on the finances of firms that operate in the context of high bank charges and interest rates, and in highly competitive markets. Careful procurement redesign can have a substantial impact on firms cash flow and investment prospects. 

Values in the industry value chain are subjects of financial accounting, profit and cost controlling as well as value-based management research. Out of the scope is the value chain support function of corporate finance concerned with getting required or investing excess financial resources in financial markets, which is not a core activity in the industry value chain and out of the scope in this work. The integration of value chain management with corporate finance is a potential area for further research. 

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