Fibrillar model, lateral

The first fibrillar model was described by Krimm and Schor (1956), and in later publications (Enomoto and Krimm, 1961 Krimm, 1961, 1962 Schor and Krimm, 1961a,b Westover et al, 1962) it was claimed that this model accounted for a large body of experimental evidence. Nevertheless, the /3-helix model, as it was called, is so much at variance with the observed X-ray pattern that it is unlikely to be correct in its present form (Fraser and MacRae, 1963). Despite this, the recognition by Krimm and his colleagues that the X-ray diagram was consistent with a helical structure was an important step forward. 

In a later publication, Kishimoto et al. (2004) proposed the water-filled nanotube as a model for the fibrillar N-terminal domain of the yeast prion Sup35p. The authors find that hydrated Sup35p fibrils show no 10-A equatorial reflection in the fiber diffraction pattern, but that dried fibrils... 

The existence of a wedge-shaped cavitated or fibrillar deformation zone or craze, ahead of the crack-tip in mode I crack opening, has led to widespread use of models based on a planar cohesive zone in the crack plane [39, 40, 41, 42]. The applicability of such models to time-dependent failure in PE is the focus of considerable attention at present [43, 44, 45, 46, 47]. However, given the parallels with glassy polymers, a recent static model for craze breakdown developed for these latter, but which may to some extent be generalised to polyolefins [19, 48, 49], will first be introduced. This helps establish important links between microscopic quantities and macroscopic fracture, to be referred to later. 

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