Fiber-type breakup

Figure 3.5. Fiber-type breakup mode of round liquid jets in coaxial air flow.

Farago and Chigier 2l() found that at similar aerodynamic Weber numbers, the disintegration modes of a thin liquid sheet in air streams are similar to those of a round liquid jet in a coaxial air stream (Table 3.2). At high aerodynamic Weber numbers, Membrane-Type or Fiber-Type breakup mode may set in. 

For other nanoparticles, such as nanotubes, nanofibers, and colloidal (spherical particles), terms for the degree of nanoparticle dispersion have not been clearly defined. The term exfoliated has been used for nanotubes aud nanofibers to describe unbundling of the primary nanofiber aggregates as well as breakup of colloidal nanoparticle primary aggregates. Since there is no layered structure in nanotubes, fibers, or colloidal particles, the intercalated description cannot be used for these systems. Immiscible and microcomposite descriptions are still apphcable to these types of nanoparticles, and are used to describe examples where the nanoparticles never disperse from their primary particles into the polymer matrix. 

---