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Extension to the simple quantum theory

However, in a real atom with one dispersion electron (for example, in the Rydberg series of an alkali atom, as considered in chapter 2), the [Pg.105]

Eventually, Kramers [130] gave the correct formulation, by considering j not as the ground, but as a general excited state. In this case, two processes must be included, viz. Ek E3, which is absorption, and Et Ej, which is emission. We thus arrive at  [Pg.106]

For transitions between bound states, the oscillator strength is a fundamental new quantity which quantum mechanics introduces in dispersion theory. We now have not only one characteristic frequency vq but a whole series of transition frequencies Vjk, and the presence, not only of absorption terms, but also of negative absorption terms due to stimulated emission. The theory of Kramers [130] was checked experimentally by Ladenberg and Kopfermann [131] for a line in the spectrum of Ne. [Pg.106]

In terms of the quantum-mechanical dipole matrix element Vjk 2 which determines the strength of an allowed spectral line from the wave-functions of states j and k , the oscillator strength is defined as [Pg.106]


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