Exposure Extended-release products

It is a common practice to use adjuvants mixed with the antigen to help boost immune response by slow release of the antigen, which leads to extended exposure of the immune system to the antigen. The most common adjuvants used for the production of antibodies are complete (CFA) and incomplete (IFA) Freund s adjuvant. Both are a combination of water-in-oil emulsions and a surfactant, but they differ in the presence of killed mycobacterium in the complete formula. Because of potential side effects of CFA, its use is limited to the first immunization, and booster doses are applied in IFA. Other adjuvants used are aluminum salts and synthetic polymers, but in our experience they are not as effective as CFA and IFA. We have found that by choosing the amount of inoculum and route of immunization carefully, most adverse side effects of CFA use can be minimized or avoided. 

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