Experimental methods aerosol measurement instruments

Several other chapters have been substantially rewritten to reflect the sharpened focus on aerosol dynamics. For example, the chapter on optical properties has been expanded to include more applications to polydisperse aerosols. It help.s support the chapter that follows on experimental methods in which coverage of instrumentation for rapid size distribution measurements has been augmented. Methods for the rapid on-line measurement of aerosol chemical characteristics are discussed in the chapters on optical properties and experimental methods. This chapter has been strongly influenced by the work of the Minnesota group (B. Y. H. Liu, D. Y. H, Pui, P, McMuny, and their colleagues and students) who continue to invent and perfect advanced aerosol instrumentation. Discussions of the effects of turbulence have been substantially expanded in chapters on coagulation and gas-to-particle conversion. 

The following sections detail existing in vitro/in vivo correlations for the major aerosol modalities and, where appropriate, comparisons are made with lung model predictions. Measures of particle diameter, particle size statistics, and aerosol test methods are also discussed. Aerosol test methodologies are included in the discussion because, as described above, sizing results are highly dependent upon the method and apparatus used. The correlations that have been developed and any predictions that can be made from them are therefore specific to the use of particular experimental methods, and it is important that the applicability of the different instruments/methods be understood. 

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