EXHIBIT B A Hundred Thousand Shades of Green

It is estimated that the average human visual system can discriminate about a million different colors. If we assume the seven basic colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet (ROYGBIV), then the human eye perceives roughly 142,000 shades of green alone. 

For relatively simple conjugated systems, the Woodward-Fieser rules can be utilized to estimate Amax- As seen in Table 7.2 in particular, the prediction of absorption from structure is complicated, and a more detailed discussion is beyond the scope of this text. For example, solvents may play a role in dictating 

Each alkyl substituent (at any position) add Each exocyclic double bond add 

Each additional conjugated double bond (one end only) add 30 

Each homoannular (rather them acyclic or heteroannular) add 39 

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