Europium redox reaction

In contrast to cerium, outer-sphere electron transfer appears to be the dominant reaction route for europium redox reactions with both organic species and transition metal complexes. Interpretation of europium redox reactions in terms of the Marcus theory of outer-sphere electron transfer reactions is limited by the enduring controversy over the self-exchange rate for the Eu(II)/Eu(III) couple. Since the selfexchange rate for the Eu(II)/Eu(IlI) couple has so far proven inaccessible to direct... 

The first divalent organolanthanide complex is prepared by the redox reaction of europium with cyclopentadienyl in liquid ammonia (Equation 8.27) [93]. Ytterbocene can be prepared in an analogous manner. 

Moroi, Y, Infelta, R R, Gratzel, M. (1979). Light initiated redox reactions in functional micellar assemblies. 2. Dynamics in europium(III) surfactant solutions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 101 573. 

Complex-formation and redox reactions have so far been the most frequently used for the determination of both metals and nonmetals (Table 3). A variety of transition metal ions have been thus determined including such common elements as iron, copper, and calcium and rare earths as well as technetium and europium. Common nonmetals such as nitrogen anions and phosphate, bromide, and sulfur anions have also been determined this way. However, the most important applications of noncatalytic reactions in inorganic analysis are the simultaneous determinations of metal ions. As can be seen in Table 4, a wide variety of binary mixtures and some ternary and even... 

Organolanthanide chemistry is dominated by the trivalent compounds. " Compounds in oxidation state (II) are restricted to derivatives of europium, samarium, and ytterbium, but they have considerable importance in both organic and organometallic syntheses because of their reducing properties. " Redox transmetalation reactions of organomercurials with lanthanide metals provide convenient syntheses of a number of diorganolanthanides, for example, R2M, R = CgFj or PhCC, M = Yb or Eu. " °... 

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