Equipartitioning exchanger

Example 5.7 Equipartition principle Heat exchanger For a heat exchanger operating at steady state, the total entropy generation P is obtained by integrating over the surface area... 

Example 5.8 Characterization of the deviation from equipartition Consider a heat exchanger with surface area A and specified heat duty qs. The driving force is constant and equal to its average... 

Consider a real heat exchanger with the same area A coefficient , and qs. The average driving force isXav. The difference in the entropy production between the real heat exchanger and the one with equipartition configuration is... 

From the assumption Px = P2, we have Pol > Po2, since Pol and Po2 are the exchangers operating with an equipartition configuration (s2 = 0). The heat exchangers may use different temperatures and flow rates for hot and cold streams. Equation (5.108) yields... 

Equipartition of energy 59 Ergodic hypothesis 60 Exchange integral 93 Exchange operator 121 Exchange potential 211 Excitation energy 195 Excited states 140, 149... 

Nummedal L. and Kjelstrup S. (2001). Equipartition of forces as a lower bound on the entropy production in heat exchange. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 44, 2827-2833. 8.3... 

The channels of most plate heat exchanger/reactors are switched in parallel, which reduces the pressure drop compared to alternative flow patterns such as serpentine flow fields. However, flow equipartition is crucial for parallel flow arrangements. It is achieved by perforated plates [89] when a whole stack of plates is fed in parallel from the plate front. Such pinhole plates create additional pressure drop. In case the feed gas is distributed to each plate first and then by a dedicated inlet section to each channel of the plate, a sophisticated geometry of this inlet section [90] helps to achieve flow equipartition. An alternative is the variation of the channel width over the reactor length axis [91]. 

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