Enzymes for Large-Scale Pharma Intermediates

Penicillin C (or V) Amidase (PGA, PVA) /1-Lactam Precursors, Semi-synthetic /1-Lactams 

In part, all the breakthroughs mentioned depended on process modifications in enzyme isolation, in purification, and in immobilization as well as in handling precipitating product in an immobilized enzyme reactor system. These new processes involving PGA in several central roles result in shorter and more cost-effective routes to semi-synthetic /3-lactam antibiotics. 

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