Enzyme phosphoryl and nucleotidyl transfer

This section emphasizes work done in the last few years. The reader is referred to other sources for reviews of older work236 or more general discussions of nucleophilic reactions at phosphorus.237"245 More general discussions of enzymic phosphoryl and nucleotidyl transfer are available,246 248 and the role of divalent metal ions has been reviewed.249"251... 

The inference from stereochemical studies is that pseudorotation is not involved in enzymic phosphoryl and nucleotidyl transfer reactions. However, the involvement of pseudorotation has been postulated in several biological reactions involving six-membered-ring phosphorus species. These are discussed in Section 4. 

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