End Uses of Chlorine

Chlorine and caustic are used for manufacturing many products routinely used in all walks of life. The following sections discuss some of the end uses of chlorine, caustic soda, and potassium hydroxide. For an almost complete listing of the end products involving chlorine and caustic, the reader is referred to references [2,16], where the intermediates formed from chlorine and the final products and end uses are compiled. 

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Benzoylacetanilide couplers, 79 253 Benzoyl chloride, 3 595, 634 end use of chlorine, 6 134t physical constants of ring-chlorinated derivatives, 6 333t Benzoylcyclohexane-diones, 73 294 Benzoyloxy radicals, 74 281 Benzoyl peroxide (BPO), 3 634 20 105 hazards associated with, 78 491 uses for, 78 496... 

Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs), 21 591 Chlorinated glycolurils, 73 109-110 Chlorinated hydantoins, 13 110 Chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHC) contamination by, 23 111—112 for PVC polymers, 25 674 Chlorinated isocyanurates end use of chlorine, 6 135t as pool sanitizers, 26 175-176 Chlorinated methanes... 

Chloroacetaldehyde, production from acetaldehyde, 1 105 Chloroacetamide, l 142 herbicides, 13 303 Chloroacetate esters, 1 142 physical properties of, 1 142t Chloroacetic acid, 1 136-139 end use of chlorine, 6 135t physical properties of, l 137t producers, l 139t... 

Chloro pink, 9 310-311 Chloroplast transit peptide, 72 489 TV-Chloropolyacrylamides, 7 316 Chloroprene, 6 242, 246. See also 2-Chloro-1,3- butadiene from butadiene, 4 369 chlorocarbon/chlorohydrocarbon of industrial importance, 6 227t copolymerization of, 79 829-830 end use of chlorine, 6 134t removal in vinyl chloride manufacture, 25 642... 

Hydrocarbon sulfonates, 23 531 Hydrocarbon surfactants, 24 133 Hydrocarbon waxes, 26 220 Hydrocarbyl complexes of thorium, 24 773 of uranium, 25 441-442 Hydrochloric acid, 13 808-809, 821-822. See also Hydrogen chloride in ascorbic acid manufacture, 25 757 chlorine from, 6 172-175 constant boiling, 13 814t density and concentration of, 13 808t end use of chlorine, 6 135t for fermentation, 11 38... 

Phosphorus pentachloride, 79 40, 42-44 end use of chlorine, 6 135t sodium reactions with, 22 766 Phosphorus pentafluoride, 79 33 Phosphorus pentahalides, 79 31-33 Phosphorus pentoxide, 79 49, 69. See also Phosphorus(V) oxides as cellulose solvent, 77 272 in hydrogen fluoride manufacture, 74 11 vapor of, 79 49... 

Thionyl bromide, 23 647 Thionyl chloride, 23 642, 647-651 end use of chlorine, 6 135t commercial production of, 23 650 economic aspects of, 23 650 health and safety factors related to, 23 650... 

Zinc chloride, 26 616-617 as cellulose solvent, 11 212 dessicant, 8 360 end use of chlorine, 6 135t function as ingredient in cosmetics, 7 829t U.S. production and importation of,... 

The major end uses of chlorine are described in Table 1.1. Chlorine is used either directly or indirectly in the manufacture of organic and inorganic chemicals. The primary market is in the production of organic chemicals, described in Section 1.3.1. Section 1.3.2 discusses the inorganic chemicals. 

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