Encephalopathies hyponatremic encephalopathy

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Ayus JC, Arrief AL Chronic hyponatremic encephalopathy in postmenopausal women—Association of therapies with morbidity and mortality. JAMA 1999 281 2299-2304. 

The biophysical basis for the rapid decrease in apparent diffusion coefficients of acutely ischemic brain tissue is complex (Table 7.1). Cytotoxic edema induced with acute hyponatremic encephalopathy is associated with decreased diffusion [3] and is therefore thought to contribute to the decreased diffusion associated with acute stroke. Furthermore, there is decreased Na-t/K-t ATPase activity without a significant increase in brain water [4] when decreased diffusion is present in acutely... 

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