Emergence temperature

Fig. 13.11 Noble gas deduced intake temperatures versus observed emergence temperatures (Table 13.8) in wells of the Bunter sandstone aquifer in eastern England. The dashed line is an equal temperature line, that is, noble gas temperature equals observed temperature. Group A data are around this line group B reveals slightly colder paleotemperatures (8-10 °C) and group C reveals significantly colder values (3-5 °C).

The Dewar vessel as well as the substance are brought to the emergency temperature as defined in the Recommendations. If the substance is sufficiently stable as to require no emergency temperature, a test temperature of 50 °C is to be used. The Dewar is filled with 265 cm 3 of the organic peroxide. Granular substances are filled into the Dewar in such a way that the bulk density of the substance is comparable with that in practical situations. Liquids are poured into the glass tube. 

Self-reactive substances need to be subjected to temperature control if their self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) is less than or equal to 55 °C. Test methods for determining the SADT as well as the derivation of control and emergency temperatures are given in the UN Recommendations for the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria, Part II, section 28. The test selected shall be conducted in a manner which is representative, both in size and material, of the package. 

These cables are designed to carry the specified current load and to provide adequate electrical insulation with a wide margin of safety. Present requirements for XLPE 9) specify a 90°C maximum operating and a 130°C maximum emergency temperature at the conductor and a minimum of 0.016 mil/V insulation thickness. 

Other countries specifications vary, especially the emergency temperature. 

Returning to water cooUng, it is seen that the emergent temperature of the central stream is 123 for the assumed input temperature, so that the emergent pressure must be at least 20 pounds/in to avoid boiling in the tube. A typical calctJation for the central water stream is as follows ... 

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