Eluents water

FIGURE 12.7 SEC calibration curves for PL aquagel-OH columns (300 X 7.5 mm), eluent water at 1.0 ml/min, polyethylene oxide/glycol calibrants. 

Figure 1. Fractionation of lignin sulfonates in spent sulfite liquor on Sephadex G-50. Eluent water. (Reprinted with permission from ref. 1. Copyright 1969 Wiley.)...

Fig.4.2. Separation of tome MTH-amino adds on spherical analyzing resin. Eluent, water of pH 3.20 0.03 for 0-35 min, then linear gradient water-ethanol (1 1) for 35-340 min. (From ref. 5 with permission of Academic Frees, New York.)...

Figure 1. Separation of the low molecular weight (LMW) fraction on Sephadex G-50 superfine (2.6 X 90 cm, eluent water) (1). Key —, UV absorbance shaded area, relative distribution of a (,4C)-label on reactant glucose A, inhibition of aminopeptidase N and inhibition of carboxypeptidase A.

The phenols can be removed by the stationary phase as a result of solvation of the phenolic group by the proton acceptor eluent (water or ethanol), which may be influenced by steric factors and by altering the polarity of the phenolic grouping. 

Other examples are isotherms for the isomers fructose and glucose. Figure 6.22 shows that the resulting isotherms exhibit an upward curvature and the slope of the isotherm is increased in the case of mixtures. This anti-Langmuir behavior is explained from the specific interaction between the hydrated solute molecules and the eluent (water) (Saska et al. 1991 and 1992). These isotherms are expressed by the following empirical correlations ... 

Fig. 6.22 Measured and calculated isotherms for pure components and mixtures of glucose and fructose (adsorbent ion exchange resin Amberlite CR 1320 Ca, dp = 325 im, eluent water for additional data see Appendix B.3).

Fig. 3-32. Separation of the sodium salts of various anions on silica coated with crown ether polymers. - Stationary phase dibenzo-18-crown-6 eluent water flow rate 1 mL/min detection direct conductivity solute concentrations 0.7 ppm Na2S04, 0.1 ppm NaCI 1 ppm Nal, 4 ppm NaSCN, and 8 ppm NaHC03 (taken from [37]).

Fig. 3-34. Separation of inorganic anions on silica modified with polyamide crown ether. - Eluent water flow rate 0.6 mL/min detection direct conductivity injection volume 20 pL solute concentrations each 0.1 mol/L of the respective salts (taken from [39]).

Fig. 3-136. Separation of alkali metal ions on silica modified with poly(benzo-15-crown-5). - Eluent water flow rate 1 mL/min detection direct conductivity injection volume 1 pL solute concentrations 13.6 g/L LiBr, 14.4 g/L NaBr, 26.2 g/L KBr, 36.4 g/L RbBr, and 34 g/L CsBr (taken from [38]).

Fig. 4-15. Simultaneous separation of alcohols and aldehydes on IonPac ICE-AS1. - Eluent water flow rate 1 mL/min detection RI injection volume 50 pL solute concentrations 100 ppm each of glyoxal (1), glycerol (2), formaldehyde (3), ethylene glycol (4), glutaric dialdehyde (5), methanol (6), ethanol (7), 2-propanol (8), and 1-propanol (9).

Figure 11. Dependence of In Vm values for benzene and some of its alkyl derivatives on reciprocal temperature. Adsorbent-silica gel, eluent-water.

Value of a = In Vaj for various functional groups of cardiac glycosides and steroid hormones. Adsorbent silica with bonded diphenylsilyl groups eluent water-ethanol (65 35) temperature 50 C... 

Fig. 1.3 Separation of anomers by HPLC at X C, eluent, water-acetonitrile (20 80, v/v) ordinate, absorption at 280 nm. For other conditions see text. Adapted from Honda et al. (1984).

Fig. 1. Optical resolution of partly decomposed 1-methyl-l-phenylpropyl hydroperoxide. Eluent water-saturated hexane/2-propanol, 98/2, v/v upper optical rotation lower UV 1 unknown, 2 (-l-)-enantiomer and 3 (—)-enantiomer of the related alcohol, 4 (+)-enantiomer and 5 (—/-enantiomer of the hydroperoxide...

Column, Superdex (Dextran) Eluent, water UV detection (214nm)... 

Fig. 4.4.12. Separation of a mixture of acidic and basic catecholamines on a LiChrosorb RP-8 column (0.28x25 cm). Eluent Water containing 0.02 M citrate (pH 2.5)/l% propanol/NaCIQ4 (0.08 M)/0.3% sodium dodecyl sulphate. Peaks DHMA, 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid VMA, vanilmandelic acid HGA, 2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid DOPAC, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 5-HIAA, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid HVA, homovanillylmandelic acid E, epinephrine NE, norepinephrine N-Syn, norsyneph-rine Syn, synephrine Dopa, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine NM, normetanephrine MN, metanephrine Isopren, isoprenaline 3-H-Tyrm, dopamine Tyrm, tyramine 3-M-Tyrm, 3-methoxytyramine. Reprinted from Ref. 21 with permission.

Figure 2. Influence of the bristle length on the retentions of n-alcohols. Eluent water/methanol 70/30. Samples ethanol, propanol, butanol and pentanol. Stationary phases as given in TABLE I.

Figure 12.3 ISE separation of 4N calcium chloride and 4N hydrochloric acid on D4609 carbon. Column volume 30 mL flow rate 0.6mL/min. Feed solution (50 mL) delivered from the bottom upward, then the eluent (water) delivered from the top of the column downward. (After [140].)...

Figure 16,20 Change of selectivity as a function of temperature for hydrocortisone and hydrocortisone acetate. (Chromatographic conditions Eluent water. Column NIPAM.)...

M NaCl column I (Spherosil with mean pore diameter of 5000 1 , eluent lO" M NaCl column II (Spherosil with mean pore diameter of 300 A) , eluent water column I a, eluent water column II. (Reproduced with permission from Eur. Polym. J., 16 (1980) 849 [ref. 47].)... 

Note In order to obtain a suitable chromatographic separation, different columns with C-18 and C-8 as the stationary phase can be used. Eluents (water or aqueous buffer as the aqueous phase, and acetonitrile or methanol as the organic phase) and gradient profiles should be explored. 

Fig. 4. Calibration curves for columns of PLaquagel-OH, designated 30 (A), 40 (A), 50 (O), 60 ( ), and Mixed ( ), for aqueous SEC at ambient temperature. Eluent water, flow rate 1 mL/min, calibrants poly(ethylene oxide/glycol) standards.

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