Elongation effects

The toxin is less effective on oats and wheat and does not have the specificity reported for the toxin from Hehmnthosporium vic-toriae for oats. A metabolite isolated from another strain of H. sativum in Japan by Tamura et al. (15) has a marked elongation effect on the shoots of rice seedlings. The structure of this metabolite is closely related to that described here. 

Series of M1-M4 are square dot arrays of various sizes of edge and dot thickness. Media of M5-M9 have the same edge size of but different sizes of with the same thickness of 5 nm except M5 of 10 nm for comparison. Series of MIO-M13 are for investigation of the elongation effect with an increased Dj. The dot size variety is from 7 nm to 22.5 nm, and the thickness is from 2.5 nm to 10 nm. 

The shift margin is wider than that obtained for Karlqvist type head field in both directions. The elongation effect of dots to increase the shift margin in the cross track direction has also been verified for the multisurface head with side shields. 

The isolation systems are usually subdivided in two categories a) conventional devices, characterized by an elastic behavior, which realizes the elongation of the fundamental period of the structure, b) dissipative isolators, which in addition to the period elongation effect, increase the dissipation capability of the devices. 

Sun, J., Waucquez, C., Rubin, Y., Elongational Effects of Die Flows Pressure Distribution and Shape Predicton, SPE-ANTEC (2000)... 

Figure 15.15 Comparison between experimental and calculated transformed volume fractions. The experimental values are deduced from light intensity measurements. The calculations are performed in two cases without (static) or with elongation effect [65].

Figure 58 Schematic illustration of the occurrence of melt fracture (a) at die walls due to shear effect and (b) at die entrance due to elongational effects.

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