Electronegativity equation esters

The elimination of water from a fluorinated compound generally follows a reaction path similar to that of its nonfluorinated counterpart, although the presence of the highly electronegative fluorine atoms may have unexpected effects Various monofluoro alcohols can be dehydrated via their tosyl esters at 75 C by using potassium rert-butoxide [80] (equation 50)... 

Alkenes with a variety of substituents such as acetal, amine, amide, carbamate, ester, ether, isocyanate, ketone, oxirane, and snlfide can be hydrosilated, usually without affecting the ftinctional group. However, this is not always fine for example, allyl chloride gives a considerable amount of the reduction product (see equation 26). Table 4 lists representative examples of hydrosilation. It is not so remarkable in the case of radical hydrosilation, but reactivity is high for hydrosUane, which has electronegative group in the case of transition metal catalyzed hydrosilation. 

A in the equation represents a substituted aldehyde. An electron withdrawing group can activate the double bond and its the electron-withdrawing capability is related to the produced electronegativity, which are usually believed that nitro is the strongest followed by sulfonic acid group [20]. The double bond is between the substituted a, P carbons, a, P-Unsaturated carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters, nitriles, acids, ketones, sulfones, aldehydes, ethers, olefins and heterocyclic alkene can all react with nitroalkane via addition reactions to form the corresponding nitro-derivatives. 

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