Electroinitiation indirect

Indirect electroinitiation occurs by electrolysis of the supporting electrolyte in the presence of monomer when conditions for direct initiation are not fulfilled. Cerrai et al. [311] electrolyzed R4N + P and R4N + I3 in 1,2-dich-loroethane in the presence of isobutyl vinyl ether. They found iodine formed by the oxidation of anions... [Pg.150]

Indirect electroinitiation of vinyl monomers by diazonium salts 913... [Pg.903]

Whenever vinyl monomers are electropolymerized, two situations must be distinguished depending on whether the vinyl monomer is the precursor of the initiating species or not. Either the polymerization is directly initiated by the activated monomer or the initiation is indirect whenever the active species (radical, anion, or cation) is generated by a compound other than the monomer (conducting salt, solvent, or properly selected additives). Besides these electroinitiated polymerization processes, a very recent report also demonstrated that electrochemistry is a valuable tool to mediate atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Indeed, an externally applied electrochemical potential can activate the copper catalyst by a one-electron reduction of an irutially added air-stable cupric species (Cu /ligand) allowing... [Pg.903]

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