Electrodialysis process description

Process Description Electrodialysis (ED) is a membrane separation process in which ionic species are separated from water, macrosolutes, and all uncharged solutes. Ions are induced to move by an electrical potential, and separation is facilitated by ion-exchange membranes. Membranes are highly selective, passing either anions or cations and very little else. The principle of ED is shown in Fig. 20-79. 

Detailed descriptions of filtration, activated carbon adsorption, thermal reclaiming, ion exchange, and electrodialysis processes are given in a subsequent section of this chapter entitled Purification of Degraded Solutions. ... 

Included also in this chapter is a qualitative description of separations based on intraphase mass transfer (dialysis, permeation, electrodialysis, etc.) and discussions of the physical property criteria on which the choice of separation operations rests, the economic factors pertinent to equipment design, and an introduction to the synthesis of process flowsheets. 

In the following part of this section, we provide simple mathematical descriptions of a few common features of two-phase/two-region countercurrent devices, specifically some general considerations on equations of change, operating lines and multicomponent separation capability. Sections 8.1.2, 8.1.3, 8.1.4, 8.1.5 and 8.1.6 cover two-phase systems of gas-Uquid absorption, distillation, solvent extraction, melt crystallization and adsorption/SMB. Sections 8.1.7, 8.1.8 and 8.1.9 consider the countercurrent membrane processes of dialysis (and electrodialysis), liquid membrane separation and gas permeation. Tbe subsequent sections cover very briefly the processes in gas centrifuge and thermal diffusion. 

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