Efficient Causation and Continued Existence Problem

1 For a fuller exploration of the theological background, see my forthcoming article Metaphysical Causality, Contingency and Coming-to-be . 

The Bahshamis prove the existence of God by means of an analogy qiyas) starting from the view that human acts fi l) are entities—specifically accidents—which come to be either in the agent s body or in other bodies. An act-entity, they argue, depends on ihtaja ild) its agent For instance, 

In classical Ash arism, all accidents without exception lack persistence and last no more than an instant. The colour of an object, hence, is recreated directly by God at each moment tahduthu hulan ba da hdl)7 Al-Juwayni maintained that atoms persist in existence so long as they contained instances of certain classes of accidents.  

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