Effect of Active Impurities

Another important aspect of migration is the concentration of active impurities. For one metal ion concentration and one type of impurity at a given temperature, the critical current density for dendrite growth is (3) 

Measurements of critical current densities in solutions containing known concentrations of additives are available only for the growth of Ag whiskers in AgNOg solutions containing gelatin. At 25°C the constant in 

23 is equal to 14 Acm /mol . From known C, and r, was calculated. The results show that one can quantify the effect of Impurities and incorporate Eq. 23 into the model as a (J - Jg,) factor. 

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