DySt>2

As an example of the application of a fixed-bed tubular reactor, consider the production of methanol. Synthesis gas (a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide) is reacted over a copper-based cat dyst. The main reactions are... 

In practice, 7s 7sv is negligible as is dys/dT for systems having large contact angles. Also, low energy surfaces have a relatively constant value of dyst/dT = 0.07 0.02 erg cm K , leaving... 

In almost any case of in situ production of yV-acyliminium ions from an aldehyde and a nitrile, a mixture of mineral acid with glacial acetic acid serves as the acid cat dyst . Probably the acetic acid is the source of the acylium ions which are necessary for the activation of carbonyl component (see Section III.B.3). 

Polyisocyanates can initiate tripolymerization reactions in the presence of a cat dyst, leading to the formation of strong triisocyanurate cycles [67]. Alk dis, acetates, adcoholates of alkali metals, tertiary amines, and many other substances u e efficient catalysts of diisocyanate trimerization [50, 55, 57]. However, many of these catalysts proved to be of low effciency for trimerization of industrial polyisocyanates containing Icu-ge quantities of impurities. Consequently, two catalysts—an cdkcdine medium formed by sodium waterglass and a tertiary amine [2,4,6-tri(dimethylcuninomethyl)phenol]— were used for the polyisocyanate trimerization process. 

Occurs in majorii of lichens of genus Vanea and in Aheforia ochraleuea.-- dyst. from CaH.. M.p. 191° (186°). Insol. i O. Hyd.— rhizonic acid and p-cyrcinol. FeCU —> violet col. 

Vanadium Vmadiiun ore mining, by-product found in flues fi om burning oil in furnaces, acid phmt cat[Pg.311]

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