Dyeing, electrolytes

New applications have recently emerged, spurring the need for the development of new leuco dyes including leuco phenazine dyes electrolytic... 

In the case of a typical dyebath composition containing dye, electrolyte and surfactants,... 

Both calculations by Perry and Schirg have been performed to describe and to predict the rejection characteristics of organic nanofiltration membranes when ionic and charged molecular solute mixtures are used in the feed solution. Recently experiments were carried out with ceramic nanofilters [67] which showed that similar properties can be obtained. As an example, results concerning the rejection of a dye/electrolyte mixture at pH = 9 through a zirconia nanofilter are reported in Table 12.5. 

Zaban A., Ferrere S. and Gregg B. A. (1998), Relative energetics at the semiconductor sensitizing dye electrolyte interface , J. Phys. Chem. B 102, 452-460. 

Westermark K, Henningsson A, Rensmo H, Sodergren S, Siegbahn H, Hagfeldt A (2002) Determination of the electronic density of states at a nanostructured Ti02/Ru-dye/electrolyte interface by means of photoelectron spectroscopy. C hem Phys 285(1) 157-165... 

Barea EM, Bisquert J (2013) Properties of chromophores determining recombination at Ti02-dye-electrolyte interface. Langmuir 29 8773-8781... 

In Figure 3.21 the same schematic picture as in Figure 3.19 is used but includes the kinetic data for the different electron transfer processes taking place at the oxide/dye/electrolyte interface, for a state-of-the-art DSSC, based on TiOi, including a ruthenium complex sensitiser and a liquid rn.3 electrolyte. 

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