Durability chemical degradation

Ways to increase membrane durability have been examined by various researchers across the country. Maurtiz et al. examined the use of metal-oxide metal particles to increase the properties of the membrane. A titanium isopropoxide (Figure 11.4) addition to Nation membranes generates quasi-network particles this improves membrane modulus and dimensional stability [17], In addition, the titanium matrix reduces fuel crossover and minimizes chemical degradation. Table 11.2 shows the increase in modulus along with stress and strain and stress changes after the addition of the titanium matrix [17], With a 20% load of the titanium matrix, performance criteria remain comparable. Acid functionality remains intact however, water uptake is reduced as volume inside clusters is occupied. Conductivity is reduced due to chain mobility [17],... 

The durability of a material or structure has been defined as its ability to resist cracking, oxidation, chemical degradation, delamination, wear, and/... 

Borup R, Meyers J, Pivovar B, Kim Y S, Mukundan R, Garland N, Myers D,Wilson M, Garzon F, Wood D, Zelenay P, More K, Ken Stroh K, ZawodzinskiT, Boncella J, McGrath J E, Inaba M, Miyatake K, Hori M, Ota K, Ogumi Z, Seize Miyata S, Nishikata A, Siroma Z U, Chimoto Y, Yasuda K, Kimijlma K and Iwashita N (2007), Scientifle aspects of polymer electrolyte fuel cell durability and degradation, Chemical Reviews, 107,3904-3951. 

Liu H, Corns FD, Zhang J, Gasteiger HA, LaConti AB (2009) Chemical degradation correlations between electrolyzer and fuel cell findings. In Blichi EN, Inaba M, Schmidt TJ (eds) Polymer electrolyte fuel cell durability. Springer, New York, pp 71-118... 

Bomp, R., et al. 2007. Scientific aspects of polymer electrolyte fuel cell durability and degradation. Chemical reviews 107 (10) 3904-3951. 

Inaba, M. 2009. Chemical degradation of perfluorinated sulfonic acid membranes. In Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Durability, eds. F. N. Biichi, M. Inaba and T. J. Schmidt, pp. 57-69. New York, NY Springer. 

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