Dong-Winnick scale

The Py scale of Dong and Winnick The Py scale is based on the ratio between the intensity of components (0,0) I, and (0,2) I3 of the fluorescence of monomeric pyrene (3) in various solvents. It was initially estabhshed for 95 solvents and spans values from 0.41 for the gas phase to 1.95 for DMSO. This scale is primarily used in biochemical studies, which usually involve fluorescent probes. However, it poses problems arising largely from the difficulty of obtaining precise val-... 

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