Dispersed systems hydrodynamics, heat transfer

Elperin, I., Enyakin, Yu, P. and Meltzer, V. (1968). Experimental investigation of the hydrodynamics of impinging gas-solid particles streams. Heat and Mass Transfer in Dispersed Systems, (5) 454-496. 

Advantages of three-phase fluidized beds over trickle beds and other fixed bed systems are temperature uniformity, high heat transfer, ability to add and remove catalyst particles continuously, and limited mass transfer resistances (both external to the particles and bubbles, because of turbulence and limited bubble size, and inside the particles owing to relatively small particle diameters). Disadvantages include substantial axial dispersion (of gas, liquid, and particles), causing substantial deviations from plug flow, and lack of predictability because of the complex hydrodynamics. There are two major applications of gas-liquid-solid-fluidized beds biochemical processes and hydrocarbon processing. 

Exelus has developed a novel structured catalytic system that allows one to meet all four criteria in a single catalytic system Hydrodynamic tests reveal that the HyperCat has similar gas hold-up as a slurry bubble column reactor but with a much lower liquid axial-dispersion coefficient. Cold-flow studies appear to indicate that the heat-transfer coefficient of this new system is similar to a bubble column reactor. Catalyst performance tests reveal that the performance of the HyperCat is similar to that of a powder catalyst when used in a plug-flow reactor. 

In Section 2.9, various aspects were considered of the hydrodynamics of a constrained flow past a system of particles based on the cell model. Here we briefly describe mass and heat transfer in such systems at high Peclet numbers. We investigate either sufficiently rarefied systems of particles or systems with an irregular structure, where the diffusion interaction of isolated particles can be neglected. (Regular disperse systems, where the interaction between diffusion wakes and boundary layers must be taken into account, were investigated in [172, 365].)... 

The authors hope that the book will be useful for researchers and engineers, as well as postgraduate and graduate students, in chemical engineering science, hydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer, mechanics of disperse systems, physicochemical hydrodynamics, power engineering, meteorology, and biomechanics. 

Nikitin, V.S. and Puchkov, G.F. 1983. Hydrodynamics of vibro-rotational bed. In Heat and Mass Transfer in Dispersed Systems, Minsk, AN BSSR, pp. 116-123 (in Russian). 

Hydrodynamics and Heat or Mass Transfer in Finely Dispersed Systems... 

---