Liquid discharges, discharge rate models

Assume, now, that of the n dL crystals per unit volume of liquid, An dL are withdrawn as product during time increment At. Since the operation is in steady state, withdrawal of product does not aifect the size distribution in either magma or product, and since in the MSMPR model the discharge is accurately representative of the magma, it follows that the fraction of particles withdrawn is identical to the ratio of the volume of product liquid taken out in time At to the total volume of liquid in the crystallizer. Then if g is the volumetric flow rate of liquid in the product and V. is the total volume of liquid in the crystallizer. 

Source models are used to quantitatively define the release scenario by estimating discharge rates (Section 2.1), total quantity released (or total release duration), extent of flash and evaporation from a liquid pool (Section 2.2), and aerosol formation (Section 2.2). Dispersion models convert the source term outputs to concentration fields downwind from the source (Section 2.3). The relationship between source and dispersion models, and the various model types, is shown schematically in Figure 2.1. As shown in Figure 2.1, source and dispersion models are highly coupled, with the results of the source model being used to select the appropriate dispersion model. 

CASRAM predicts discharge fractions, flash-entrainment quantities, and liquid pool evaporation rates used as input to the model s dispersion algorithm to estimate chemical hazard population exposure zones. The output of CASRAM is a deterministic estimate of the hazard zone (to estimate an associated population health risk value) or the probability distributions of hazard-zones (which is used to estimate an associated distribution population health risk). 

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