Direct use of geothermal energy

Fridleifsson, I. B. (1998). Direct Use of Geothermal Energy Around the World. Geo-Heat Center Quarterly Bulletin 19(4) 4-9. 

Direct use of geothermal energy has grown very much during the last few years. In 1995 and 2000 the estimated energy usage was 112 441... 

Direct use of geothermal energy involving heat pumps is the most important in the USA, accounting for 59.1 % of the direct use of geothermal heat... 

Table 2. Direct use of geothermal energy in the world hy country at the end of I9W...

Fig. 3. Percentage of direct use of geothermal energy by country in the year 2000. The total energy usage was 190 699 TJ (see also Table 2). China is the largest user of geothermal heat with 19.9% of the total, followed by Japan, USA, and Iceland.

Lund, J. W. Freeston, D. H. 2001. World-wide direct uses of geothermal energy 2000. Geothermics, 30, 29-68. 

Fridleifsson, I. B. 1998. Direct use of geothermal energy around the world. Geo-heated Centre Quarterly Bulletin, Oregon Institute of Technology, 19, 4-9. 

Fig. 5. World direct use of geothermal heat by type in the year 2000. The numbers above each column show % of the energy usage. The total use for this year was 190 699 TJ.

Utilization of geothermal energy is of two types, electric power generation and direct use of the heat. In geothermal electric power plants, steam is used to drive turbines in much the same way as in conventional fossil fuel plants. The main difference is that in fossil fuel plants the steam is generated by boiling water by... 

Diversity of use—geothermal energy has three common economic uses—electricity generation, direct use of heat, and GHPs. 

Direct geothermal energy is used for space heating of homes, greenhouses, livestock barns, and fish-farm ponds. As well, it is employed as a heat source in some industrial processes, such as paper production in New Zealand and diying diatomite in Iceland. Since the industrial applications usually require high-... 

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