Dimethylaminobenzonitrile dual fluorescence

The discovery of the dual fluorescence of the simple donor-acceptor substituted benzene derivative 4JV,iV-dimethylaminobenzonitrile (DMABN) by Lippert et al. [1] and the subsequent model compound studies by Grabowski et al. [2-6] including rigidized and pretwisted compounds such as MIN, TMABN and CBQ gave birth to the idea of Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer (TICT) states. 

Photoinduced electron transfer is a subject characterised, particularly at the present time, by papers with a strongly theoretical content. Solvent relaxation and electron back transfer following photoinduced electron transfer in an ensemble of randomly distributed donors and acceptors, germinate recombination and spatial diffusion a comparison of theoretical models for forward and back electron transfer, rate of translational modes on dynamic solvent effects, forward and reverse transfer in nonadiabatic systems, and a theory of photoinduced twisting dynamics in polar solvents has been applied to the archetypal dimethylaminobenzonitrile in propanol at low temperatures have all been subjects of very detailed study. The last system cited provides an extended model for dual fluorescence in which the effect of the time dependence of the solvent response is taken into account. The mechanism photochemical initiation of reactions involving electron transfer, with particular reference to biological systems, has been discussed by Cusanovich. ... 

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