Diethyl nitramine

The efficient At-nitration of secondary amines has been achieved by transfer nitration with 4-chloro-5-methoxy-2-nitropyridazin-3-one, a reagent prepared from the nitration of the parent 4-chloro-5-methoxypyridazin-3-one with copper nitrate trihydrate in acetic anhydride. Reactions have been conducted in methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile and diethyl ether where yields of secondary nitramine are generally high. Homopiperazine is selectively nitrated to At-nitrohomopiperazine or At, At -dinitrohomopiperazine depending on the reaction stoichiometry. At-Nitration of primary amines or aromatic secondary amines is not achievable with this reagent. 

A particularly useful synthesis of primary nitramines involves the nitration of the appropriate carbamate ester followed by ammonolysis with gaseous ammonia in diethyl ether. The ammonium salt of the nitramine precipitates in pure form and is carefully acidified to give the free nitramine. The corresponding carbamate esters are readily synthesized from the action of chlorocarboxylic acid esters on alkylamines in the presence of alkali hydroxides. 

A study was conducted to find out the effect of addition of these nitroplasticizers on ballistic properties of AP and RDX/HMX filled CMDB propellants. The data generated clearly indicated that the incorporation of nitroplasticizer, that is, 1 1 mixture of BDNPF and BDNPA in place of diethyl phthalate (DEP) for AP and nitramine based CMDB propellants improved the burn rates as well as /sp and thermal decomposition behavior of these propellant formulations [193]. 

Nitro compounds, ar. Nitrobenzene, m-Dinitrobenzene o-Nitrophenol N-Nitramines Oxonium fluoroborate Trialky loxonium salt Trialky loxonium fluoroborate Pyrylium fluoroborate Carboxylic acid esters HCOOC Hs, p-Nitro-phenyl formate Isopropenyl acetate Salicylic acid esters Ethyl cyanoacetate Chloroformic acid esters Ethyl chloroformate, ClCOOC Hg-i Methyl trichloroacetate Diethyl oxalate Ethyl malonate... 

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