Diarrhea oral solutions

Pharmacology Oral solution induces diarrhea (onset, 30 to 60 minutes) that rapidly cleanses the bowel, usually within 4 hours. Polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG 3350), a nonabsorbable solution, acts as an osmotic agent. 

Emtricitabine NRTT1 200 mg daily3 Oral solution should be refrigerated Headache, diarrhea, nausea, asthenia, skin hyperpigmentation Do not administer concurrent lamivudine. Avoid disulfram and metronidazole with oral solution... 

Fosamprenavir PI2 1400 mg bid or 700 mg bid with ritonavir 100 bid or 1400 mg daily with ritonavir 100-200 mg daily. Adjust dose in hepatic insufficiency Separate dosing from antacids by 2 h. Avoid concurrent high-fat meals Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hypertriglyceridemia, rash, headache, perioral paresthesias, t liver enzymes See footnote 4 for contraindicated medications. Do not administer with lopinavir/ritonavir or in severe hepatic insufficiency. Also avoid cimetidine, disulfiram, metronidazole, vitamin E, ritonavir oral solution, and alcohol when using the oral solution... 

Lopinavir/ritonavir PI/PI2 400 mg/100 mg bid or 800 mg/200 mg daily. May need dose adjustment in hepatic insufficiency Take with food. Separate dosing from ddl by 1 h. Store capsules and solution in refrigerator Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, hypertriglyceridemia, headache, t liver enzymes, See footnote 4 for contraindicated medications. Also avoid fosamprenavir. Avoid disulfiram and metronidazole with oral solution... 

Ritonavir PI2 600 mg bid Take with food. Separate dosing with ddl by 2 h. Dose-escalate from 300 mg bid over 1-2 weeks to improve tolerance. Refrigerate capsules but not oral solution Nausea, diarrhea, paresthesias, hepatitis See footnote 4 for contraindicated medications... 

Amprenavir PI 1200 mg bid Separate dosing from didanosine or antacids by 1 hour. Avoid high-fat meals. Rash, diarrhea, nausea See footnote 2 for concurrent drug contraindication s. Oral solution contraindicated in young children and pregnant women. 

Lopinavir/ritonav ir PI/PI 400 mg/100 mg bid With food. Separate dosing with didanosine by 1 hour. Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea The oral solution contains alcohol store capsules and solution in refrigerator see footnote 2 for concurrent drug contraindication s. 

Amphotericin and itraconazole have been compared in a multicenter, open, randomized study in 277 adults with cancer and neutropenia (54). Itraconazole oral solution (100 mg bd, n — 144) was compared with a combination of amphotericin capsules and nystatin oral suspension n — 133). Adverse events were reported in about 45% of patients in each group. The most frequent were vomiting (14 versus 12 patients), diarrhea (12 versus 9 patients), nausea (5 versus 12 patients), and rash (2 versus 13 patients). There were no differences in liver function... 

Relative to capsules, the oral solution of itraconazole more frequently causes diarrhea, abdominal cramps, anorexia, and nausea. GI side effects are common, but adherence generally is unimpaired. Anaphylaxis and severe rash have rarely occurred. 

Diarrhea is a symptom of an underlying cause. Therefore, you must treat the underlying cause while treating the diarrhea. Diarrhea can be treated with a combination of medications and nonpharmacological measures such as clear liquids and oral solutions—Gatorade, Pedialyte, or Ricolyte—and intravenous electrolyte solutions. 

Oral electrolyte solutions contain a carbohydrate and various electrolytes. Examples of combined oral electrolyte solutions are Pedialyte and Rehydralyte. Oral electrolyte solutions are most often used to replace lost electrolytes, carbohydrates, and fluid in conditions such as severe vomiting or diarrhea... 

Lima AA, Carvalho GH, Figueiredo AA, Gi-foni AR, Soares AM, Silva EA, Guerrant RL Effects of an alanyl-glutamine-based oral rehydration and nutrition therapy solution on electrolyte and water absorption in a rat model of secretory diarrhea induced by cholera toxin. Nutrition 2002 18 458-462. 

CNOl9 Neto, U. F., L. Franco, K. Tabacow, and N. L. Machado. Negative findings for use of coconut water as an oral re-hydration solution in childhood diarrhea. J Amer Coll Nutr 1993 12(2) 190-193. 

Lebenthal, E., U. Khin-Maung, D. D. K. Rolston, et al. Composition and preliminary evaluation of a hydrolyzed rice-based oral rehydration solution for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children. J Amer Coll Nutr 1995 14(3) 299-303. 

PO034 Naylor, J. M. and T. Lieber. Effect of psyllium on plasma concentration of glucose, breath hydrogen concentra- PO046 tion, and fecal composition in calves with diarrhea treated orally with elec-trolyte solutions. Amer J Vet Res 1995 56(1) 56-59. 

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