Determination of size and structure

Information on the size of metal particles in a catalyst is also given by X-ray diffraction 71,75 81 the width of a peak at half-height (/3) of a diffraction peak for the component of interest is related to its size (d) by the Scherrer equation 

Examination of the low-frequency Raman modes is also claimed to provide a means of gold particle size determination.87,88 

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Maurer, N., Glatter, O., Hofer, M. Determination of size and structure of lipid IV a vesicles by quasi-elastic light scattering and small-angle X-ray scattering. J Appl Cryst 24 (1991) 832-835. 

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