Dermal preparations skin types

These reagents have a number of drawbacks. First of all, they are toxic especially via contact with skin. The LD50 (dermal, rat) of DCC is 71 mg kg. This should always be considered if the reaction is used for the preparation of materials for biological applications. Moreover, the N.N -dialkylurea formed during the reaction is hard to remove from the polymer except for preparation in DMF and DMSO, where it can be filtered off. In case of esterification of polysaccharides in DMSO in the presence of these reagents, oxidation of hydroxyl functions may occur due to a Moffatt type reaction (Fig. 25, [188]). The oxidation products formed can be detected with the aid of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, e.g. in case of the conversion of dextran with DCC in DMSO [189],... 

Because absorbed compounds are taken up by blood vessels in the papillary dermal tissue, most of the dermal tissue should be removed prior to assembhng skin in a diffusion cell. This split-thickness preparation of skin is often prepared with a dermatome because it can be used for all types of skin, and the viabihty of skin can... 

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