Energy Debye

The right-hand side can be separated into five parts. The first part is the enthalpy at 0 K, the second represents the zero point energy, the third is the Debye energy term, the fourth is an approximation for the Cp — C correction while the last part arises from the difference in electronic specific heats. 

The first term, which contains the the static dielectric permittivities of the three media , 2, and 3, represents the Keesom plus the Debye energy. It plays an important role for forces in water since water molecules have a strong dipole moment. Usually, however, the second term dominates in Eq. (6.23). The dielectric permittivity is not a constant but it depends on the frequency of the electric field. The static dielectric permittivities are the values of this dielectric function at zero frequency. 1 iv), 2 iv), and 3(iv) are the dielectric permittivities at imaginary frequencies iv, and v = 2 KksT/h = 3.9 x 1013 Hz at 25°C. This corresponds to a wavelength of 760 nm, which is the optical regime of the spectrum. The energy is in the order of electronic states of the outer electrons. 

The average induction energy (called Debye energy) between a polar molecule with dipole moment // and a non-polar molecule with polarizability a is... 

To describe superconductors it is argued Refs. [1-9] that a system of electrons with energies a such that eF -hcoD spherical shell in k-space in 3D) may be divided into two coexisting dynamically interacting subsystems a) fermions (pairable but unpaired) and b) boson CPs made up of two bound fermions. Here eF is the Fermi energy of the ideal Fermi gas (IFG) and hmD the Debye energy. The Hamiltonian describing the binary BF mixture with BF interactions is [1,4]... 

Keesom s formula is also not satisfactory since the term a from Van der Waals equation, which is proportional to e, would then be strongly dependent on temperature, which is not the case. The Debye energy is indeed independent of temperature but is always very small (Table 29). 

Essential parts of the BCS theory can be taken over in the mean-field theory of the Peierls transition if one replaces the Debye energy tkoo in the superconductor by the Fermi energy Ep in the metal. Since Eplhrop, 10 -100, the Peierls phase transition temperatures are considerably higher than the critical temperatures of BCS superconductors, ii) The frequency of the phonons which are responsible for the Peierls transition has, for T > the temperature dependence... 

Substituent (X) Conformation Dipole moment (debyes) Energy (hartrees)... 

This has been used for two-level tunnelling systems in insulating glasses. The coupling coefficient Fip from the phonon deformation potential should be independent of T and A, because the density of phonon modes in the Debye model is proportional to co up to the maximum frequency cod and this co-dependence counteracts the smaller overlap for larger A. The electron rate Re may therefore dominate the total rate at small values of A, while Rip may be faster for large A up to the Debye energy k T. ... 

Figures 3.9-11 illustrate the importance of the background-lattice effects in a slightly different way. Shown are various results for the driven Einstein and Debye oscillator models of Sect.3.1. Figure 3.9 illustrates the ratio of the Einstein and Debye energy transfer (equivalently the ratio of the Einstein and Debye accommodation coefficients) as a function of the adiabaticity parameter For...

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