Dash structural formulas

WeTl begin with cis- and ran -l,4-dimethylcyclohexane as represented by wedge-and-dash structural formulas. 

It also means that all of the structural formulas above are equivalent and all represent propyl alcohol. Dash structural formulas such as these indicate the way in which the atoms are attached to each other and are not representations of the actual shapes of the molecule. (Propyl alcohol does not have 90° bond angles. It has tetrahedral bond angles.) Dash structural formulas show what is called the connectivity of the atoms. Constitutional isomers (Section 1.6A) have dijferent connectivities and, therefore, must have different structural formulas. 

You should be able to draw chemical formulas that show all of the valence electrons in a molecule (Lewis structures), using lines for bonds and dots to show unshared electrons. You should be proficient in representing structures as dash structural formulas, condensed structural formulas, and bond-line structural formulas. In particular, the more quickly you become skilled at using and interpreting bondline formulas, the faster you will be able to process structural information in organic chemistry. You have also learned about resonance structures, the use of which wiU help us in understanding a variety of concepts in later chapters. 

Write a fill dash structural formula for the compound. 

Show aU nonbonding electron pairs on your dash structural formula. 

Dash structural formulas (Sections 1.3B and 1.7A) Structural formulas in which atom symbols are drawn and a line or dash represents each pair of electrons (a covalent bond). These formulas show connectivities between atoms but do not represent the true geometries of the species. 

A dash structural formula has lines that show bonding electron pairs and includes elemental symbols for the atoms in a molecule. 

These formulas are often called Lewis structures in writing them we show all of the valence electrons. Unshared electron pairs are shown as dots, and in dash structural formulas, bonding electron pairs are shown as lines. 

PRACTICE PROBLEM 1.7 Write a dash structural formula showing all valence electrons for CH3CHO... 

It also means that all of the structural formulas above are equivalent and all represent propyl alcohol. Dash structural formulas such as these indicate the way in which the atoms are attached to each other and are not representations of the actual shapes of the molecule. 

Propyl alcohol does not have 90° bond angles. It has tetrahedral bond angles.) Dash structural formulas show what is called the connectivity of the atoms. Constitutional isomers (Section 1.3A) have different connectivities and, therefore, must have different structural formulas. 

Show all nonbonding electron pairs on your dash structural formula. Indicate any formal charges that may be present in the molecule. Label the hybridization state at every carbon atom and the oxygen. 

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