D. Gottlieb

The antibiotic inhibits many gram positive and gram negative bacteria at concentrations as low as 0.5 M g/nil but a few species such as Alcaligenes metalcali-genes and Clostridium feseri are resistant (McLean et al., 1949). Some Rickettsiae and viruses are also inhibited. Actinomyces scabies was inhibited by 5 p.g/ml. Most fungi and protozoa that have been studied are not affected by chloramphenicol at 1000 [xg/ml. 

The biosynthesis of chloramphenicol proceeds readily in many media containing mixtures of complex natural substrates (Oyaas et al., 1950 Smith et al., 1948). In chemically defined media, however, the synthesis is less efficient and the ingredients appear more closely related to the structural components of the molecule than are those ingredients which are needed only for the growth of S. 

NaNOg ZnS04 FeSO -CUSO4 MnCl2 4H20 

The antibiotic is rapidly secreted from the hyphae and 5. venezuelae never accumulates chloramphenicol in appreciable concentrations. Between 12 and 72 hr. fermentation, the concentration of antibiotic in the mycelium increased only from 2.3 to 3.4 [xg/g dry weight. At 72 hr. the period of maximum concentration in the fermentation culture, the amount in the medium was 13,000 X that in the total quantity of mycelium in the culture vessel. 

The addition of carbon 14 labeled pNPS to the chemically defined media and the subsequent degradation of the chloramphenicol and its acetyl analogue re- 

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Grime, J.P. (1988). The C-S-R model of primary plant strategies - origins, implications and tests. In Plant Evolutionary Biology, ed. L.D. Gottlieb and K. Jain, pp. 371-93. London Chapman Hall. 

WT Shier, KL Reinhart Jr, D Gottlieb. Preparation of four new antibiotics from a mutant of Streptomyces jradiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 63 198-204, 1969. 

Tietz D, Gottlieb MH, Fawcett JS, Chrambach A (1986) Electrophoresis on uncross-linked polyacrylamide Molecular sieving and its potential applications. Electrophoresis 7 217-220. 

Rowens B, Guerrero-Betancourt D, Gottlieb CA, et al. 1991. Respiratory failure and death following acute inhalation of mercury vapor A clinical and histologic perspective. Chest 99(1) 185-190. 

M. H. Carpenter, D. Gottlieb, and S. Abarbanel, Time-stable boundary conditions for finite-difference schemes solving hyperbolic systems Methodology and application to high-order compact schemes, / Comput. Phys., vol. Ill, no. 2, pp. 220-236, Apr. 1994. doi 10.1006/jcph. 1994.1057... 

Vazquez, D. (1967). Macrolide antibiotics—Spiramycin, carbomycin, angolamycin, methymy-cin, and lankamycin. In Antibiotics—Mechanism of Action (D. Gottlieb and P. D. Shaw, Eds.), Vol. I, pp. 366-377. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 

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