D-Glutamine

Fig. 1.2 A, peptidoglycan of Escherichia coli. , A -acetylmuramic acid , Af-acetylglucosamine. B, repeating unit of peptidoglycan ofE. coli. L-ala, L-alanine D-glu, D-glutamine DAP, diaminopimelic acid D-aia, D-alanine.

Martinez-Hernandez, A., Bell, K. P. and Norenberg, M. D. Glutamine synthetase glial localization in rat brain. Science 195 1356-1358,1977. 

Metabolism of Other Amino Acids /3-Alanine metabolism Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism Aminophosphonate metabolism Selenoamino acid metabolism Cyanoamino acid metabolism D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism... 

Figure B3.5.13 A convincing artifact. In an attempt to study the conformational consequences of adding an acceptor, D-glutamine, to a DD-peptidase, far-UV CD spectra were recorded for the enzyme in the presence of increasing concentrations of glutamine a = 0 mM, b = 3 mM, c = 7 mM, d = 10 mM, e = 20 mM, f = 30 mM, g = 50 mM, and h = 95 mM. The enzyme concentration was 0.1 mg/ml, equivalent to 10 3 M peptide bond, in 10 mM sodium phosphate pH 7.2. A 2-mm cell path length was used.

Typical kinetic profiles (hybridoma). (A) Cell concentration and viability (B) glucose consumption (GLC) and lactate production (LAC) (C) monoclonal antibody production (mAb) (D) glutamine consumption (GLN) and ammonium production (NH4+) (E) specific growth rate (px) (F) alanine (ALA) and glycine (GLY) production. Adapted from Lee (2003). Symbols correspond to the experimental data and the lines to the manual curve fitting. Vertical lines indicate the instant at which exponential growth phase ended (gx < Px.max)-... 

D-Glutamine (D-a-amino acid) From I-Glutamine racemization Sweet... 

Illustrate the noncovalent interactions that can occur between the following side chain groups in folded polypeptides (a) serine and glutamate (b) arginine and aspartic acid (c) threonine and serine (d) glutamine and aspartate (e) phenylalanine and tryptophan. 

Fig. 2. The incorporation of ammonia derived by a number of pathways, into asparagine in higher plants, a. Nitrate reductase b, nitrite reductase c, nitrogenase .d, glutamine synthetase e, asparagine synthetase f, arginase g, urease h, ornithine transaminase i, glutamate dehydrogenase j, proline dehydrogenase k, transaminases.

The synthesis of the a-methyl ester of N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamic acid (21) 45) and the ot-methyl ester of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamine (22) 47), starts with the preparation of BOC-L-Ala-D-Glu(OBzl) and Z-L-Ala-D-Gln respectively which were esterified by means of diazomethane. 

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