Cyclic voltammograms polyaniline

Figure 8. Cyclic voltammograms of polyaniline following (a) 10, (b) 45, and (c) 85 min of continuous cycling in 1 M H2S04.130...

Figure 2.9 Repetitive cyclic voltammograms illustrating the continuous growth of polyaniline on a platinum surface.

Figure 1 Cyclic voltammograms recorded at 50mV/s during the electropolymerization on a gold surface of 0.1 M aniline in 0.5 M sulphuric acid (a), and of the polyaniline film in the supporting electrolyte (0.5 M sulphuric acid) alone after polymerization (b).

Figure 4. Cyclic voltammograms of nanostructured polyaniline composite films in strong acid solutions (aq. HC1 or H2S04) (a) GCE PANI/PVS (b) Au PDMA-PSS (c) Au PANSA and (d) Pt PANI-PVS-PESA.

Figure 3-8. Cyclic voltammograms corresponding to the bioelectrocatalyzed oxidation of variable concentrations of glucose by the integrated, electrically-contacted polyaniline-reconstituted glucose oxidase electrode. Glucose concentrations correspond to (a) 0 mM, (b) 5 rnM. (c) 10 mM, (d) 20 mM, (e) 35 inM. (1) 50 mM. Reproduced with permission from ref. 34. Copyright 2002 American Chemical Society.

Interesting spectral information can also be obtained via Raman spectroelectrochemical studies of polyaniline. As has been mentioned, cyclic voltammograms of polyaniline recorded in aqueous acidic media usually... 

Figure 4.24. Cyclic voltammogram of polyaniline in (a) TBABF /diphenyl hydrogen phosphatc/acetonilrile (b) TBABF / acetonitrile. Scanning rate—50 niV/s. (Reprinted with permission from ref, 136. Copyright 1995, American Chemical Society,)...

Figure 16.47. Cyclic voltammogram of a polyaniline coated platinum electrode in 1 M HCl -first scan -after 20 cycles ...

Fig. 5.141. Cyclic voltammogram (top) and PBD responses (bottom) at various concentrations of HCl observed with a polyaniline film on a gold electrode exposed to an aqueous electrolyte solution of x M HCl, dF/dr = 50 mV s (based on data in [906])...

Fig. 5.155. Cyclic voltammogram of polyaniline and surface plasmon field-enhanced light scattering with a solution of 0.5 M H2SO4, second scan, dE jdt — 20 mV-s based on data in [971]...

Figure 14.8 Cyclic voltammograms of glassy carbon electrodes modified with PANI hollow spheres and gold nanoparticles (A), PANI alone (B) and gold nanoparticles alone (C) in a range of concentrations of dopamine (DA) at a scan rate of 100 mV s vs. SCE. (Reprinted with permission from Langmuir, Polyaniline / Au composite hollow spheres Synthesis, characterisation, and application to the detection of dopamine by X. M. Feng, C.j. Mao, G. Yang et a ., 22, 9, 4384-4389. Copyright (2006) American Chemical Society)...

Figure 17.9 Cyclic voltammograms of electrochemical oxidation of ascorbic acid (A) a planar film composed of PAN/Au-NPs (B) a planar film composed of PAN/PSS (C) a bare Au electrode, in different concentrations of ascorbic acid (a) 0 mM, (b) 5 mM, (c) 10 mM, (d) 20 mM, (e) 30 mM, and (f) 40 mM. The data were recorded in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.5. Oxygen was removed from the background solution by bubbling Ar. Potential scan rate, 5 mV s (Reprinted with permission from Chemistry of Materials, Enhanced Bioelectrocatalysis Using Au-Nanoparticle/Polyaniline Hybrid Systems in Thin Films and Microstructured Rods Assembled on Electrodes by E. Granot, E. Katz, B. Basnar and I. Wiliner, 17, 18, 4600—4609. Copyright (2005) American Chemical Society)...

Fig. II. 10.7 (a) Cyclic voltammograms (two cycles) and (b) the simultaneously detected EQCM frequency changes for a polyaniline film (L = 2.9 jJLm) in contact with 1 M H2SO4. Sweep rate lOOmVs ...

Figure 8.3 Typical cyclic voltammogram (upper), redox behavior in chemical structures (middle) and expansion and contraction of polyaniline film along the stretched direction (lower). E and E are the anodic peak and cathode peak, respectively, 1/2, ls-es = 1/2 ( + EJ.

FIGURE 20.7 Cyclic voltammogram of polyaniline (emeraldine base). Colors given represent those seen at potential regions indicated. (From MacDiarmid, A., Synth. Met., 18, 393, 1987. With permission.)... 

Figure 5.13 Cyclic voltammogram of electrochemically synthesized polyaniline (a) prepared from 0.5 M aniline/0.5 M HCIO4, (b) prepared from 0.5 M aniline/ 1.0 M HCIO4, (c) prepared from 0.5 M aniline/2.0 M HCIO4.

Figure 2.25 Cyclic voltammogram of self-doped polyaniline at pH 9 (0.02 M borate buffer -I- 0.1 M KCl). Scan rate 25 mVs . (Reprinted from Journal of Elec-troanalytical Chemistry, 402, A. A. Karyakin, I. A. Maltsev, L. V. Lukachova 217. Copyright (1996), with permission from Elsevier.)...

Figure 3.24 shows the redox behavior of PABA thin films observed at neutral pH in the presence of NADH and NAD" ". The PABA film was redox inactive at neutral pH (Figure 3.24,a) due to deprotonation and loss of dopant as with polyaniline [150,151). However, in the presence of NADH (Figure 3.24, b) and NAD" " (Figure 3.24, c), PABA films became redox active due to complexation of boronic acid with cis-2,3-ribose diols and subsequent formation of self-doped polymer. In the presence of NADH, the cyclic voltammogram of PABA thin film exhibited a single redox couple at pa 0.05 and pc —0.10 V. In contrast, a second redox couple was observed in the presence of NAD+ at pa 0.34 and pc... 

Figure 10.12 Scheme of the electrostatic interaction polyaniline/silica hybrid and the corresponding cyclic voltammograms in alkaline medium [174]. 

Figure 15.7 Cyclic voltammograms for a polyaniline electrode of an electrochemical capacitor cycled in 3 M NaCI04 -E 1 M HCIO4 before and after 20 000 cycles 148]. Reprinted from D. Belanger, X. Ren, J. Davey, F. Uribe and S. Cottesfeld, Characterization and long-term performance of polyaniline-based electrochemical capacitors, J. Electrochem. Soc., 147, 2923-2929 (2000), with permission from the Electrochemical Society...

Figure L Cyclic voltammograms (100 mVs under N2) of CFP catalyst layer I Nafion 117 electrodes in 1 MH Ofaq). A. Pt on polyaniline/PSS B, Pt on polyaniline C Pt on polyaniline with Nafion (0.1 mg cm ) added to the catalyst layer. Pt loadings were all nominally ca. 0.2 mg cm . ...

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