Curve crossing problems nonadiabatic transition

The theory of nonadiabatic transition dates back to 1932, when the pioneering works for curve-crossing and noncrossing problems were published by Landau (13), Zener (14), and Stiickelberg (15) and by Rosen and Zener (28), respectively. Since then numerous papers by many authors have been devoted to these subjects, especially to curve-crossing problems (1,2,19,29-33). In this section a brief survey to around 1991 is made, which is informative and gives a good introduction to further developments described in subsequent sections. 

C. Zhu and H. Nakamura, Theory of nonadiabatic transition for general two-state curve crossing problems. I Nonadiabatic tunneling case, J. Chem. Phys. 101 10630 (1994). 

H. Nakamura, Semiclassical treatment of nonadiabatic transitions multilevel curve crossing and nonadiabatic tunneling problems, J. Chem. Phys. 87 4031 (1987). 

Zhu, C., Y. Teranishi, et al. (2001). Nonadiabatic transitions due to curve crossings complete solutions of the Landau-Zener-Stueckelbeig problems and their applications. Chem. Phys. 117, 127. 

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