Crystals sources

In experiments with magnetic fields between 13 and 55 mT (130-550 G) applied to the single crystal source, the authors of [58] observed magnetic dipole interaction in addition to electric quadmpole splitting in a reduced spectrum (Fig. 7.22) [58]. They determined the magnetic moment of the excited 1/2 state to be U(l/2 ) = +(0.58 0.03))In-... 

Potzel et al. [60] used a Ga/ZnO single crystal source in combination with a single crystal absorber of natural ZnO and observed a resonance line width of 0.36 0.04 pm s for the 93.3 keV transition in Zn (at 4.2 K). This, after correction for finite absorber thickness, equals, within the limit of error, the minimum observable line width as deduced from the lifetime of 13.4 ps for the 93.3 keV state. The spectra observed by these authors are shown in Fig. 7.23. 

Fig. 7.23 Mossbauer spectra obtained with a single crystal source and (a) an enriched polycrystalline ZnO absorber (82.5% Zn, 963 mg Zn cm, sintered in oxygen atmosphere at 1,000 K for 24 h), (b) a single crystal absorber of natural ZnO. Both source and absorber were at 4.2 K (from [60])...

Fig. 7.46 Xa Mossbauer spectra of a Ta metal absorber without magnetic field top), with magnetic field applied to the single crystal source only, = 2.8 kG (middle), and...

As shown in Fig. 16.11, two pairs of entangled photons are produced by sources A and B, which are actually realized by passing a UV pulse twice through the same BBO crystal. Source A emits photons numbers 1 and 2, while source B emits photons numbers 3 and 4. The state of the four-photon system at this point can be represented as... 

In order to prepare the free base, the salt is suspended in water, then an excess of a sodium bicarbonate solution is added thereto and the base extracted with ether. After evaporation of the ether uid treating the residue with a small quantity of acetone the residue crystallizes. Source Stoll 1948... 

Transport mechanisms in sublimation growth are complicated. Growth rate increases with increasing source temperature, increasing source to seed distance, decreasing pressure, and decreasing crystal-source distance [19,20,27-33]. 

FIGURE 3 The modifications of sandwich cells employed for the growth of SiC (a) with powder SiC source, (b) with dense polycrystalline SiC source, (c) with single crystal source. 

Figure 2.19 Shear dislocations in a graphite crystal. Source Reprinted with permission from Pierson HO, Handbook of Carbon, Graphite, Diamond and Fuiierenes, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge NJ, p. 49, 1993. Copyright 1993, William Andrew Publishing.

Figure 4.35 Schematic model of the carbonaceous mesophase, a discotic nematic liquid crystal. Source.

FIGURE 3.3 Overtone and spurious frequency response of a quartz crystal. (Source Frerking, M.E. 1978. Crystal... 

FIG. C-53 Internal arrangement in crystallizer. (Source Armstrong Engineering Associates.)... 

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