Crossover mutation

After the appropriate JG operation is completed (in box D, Fig. 4.5), the Np better parents (present in box P") and all the Np daughters (after crossover, mutation and the JG operations present in box D ) are copied into a new box, PD, having 2Np locations. These 2Np chromosomes are re-classified into fronts (in box PD ), using the concept of domination. The best Np chromosomes are taken from box PD and put into box P" (of size Np), front-by-front. In case only a few members are needed from the final front to fill up this box, the concept of crowding distance is used. It is clear that this procedure, called elitism, collects the best members from the parents as well as the daughters. 

A top-level design is illustrated in Fig. 3. Note that local search is applied to many steps including constmction heuristics, crossover, mutation, and selection. This is to prevent any unexploited space missed in each of the global search heuristic steps. 

In order to improve the routing solution using GA, crossover, mutation, and selection processes are applied which is similar to the process for clustering. Hence, in this paper, one-point crossover, swap, flip, slide mutation, and roulette wheel selection are applied. 

As a literature note, the blending of the standard PF with evolutionary concepts has only very recently been explored in the literature. Akhtar et al. (2011) propose a Particle Swarm Optimization accelerated Immune Particle Filter (PSO-acc-IPF). Park et al. (2007) propose the so-called genetic filter which involves a standard genetic algorithm step (with all three GA operators, i.e., crossover, mutation, and selection) in place of standard resampling. Similarly, Kwok et al. (2005) employ the crossover operator to what they call the evolutionary particle filter. 

Operator weights for crossover, mutation, and elitism were 0.80, 0.02, and 1, respectively. The docked complexes of the inhibitor-enzyme were selected according to the criterion of interaction energy combined with geometrical and electronic matching quality. 

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