Corynebacterium diphtheriae growth

Diphtheria and tetanus vaccines are two commonly used toxoid-based vaccine preparations. The initial stages of diphtheria vaccine production entail the growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. 

Diphtheria and tetanus vaeeine are two eommonly used toxoid-based vaccine preparations. The initial stages of diphtheria vaccine production entails the growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The toxoid is then prepared by treating the active toxin produced with formaldehyde. The product is normally sold as a sterile aqueous preparation. Tetanus vaccine production follows a similar approach Clostridium tetani is cultured in appropriate media, the toxin is recovered and inactivated by formaldehyde treatment. Again, it is usually marketed as a sterile aqueous-based product. 

The second heme oxygenase (HO-2) is distributed widely among tissues, but it is most abundant in certain neurons in the brain.437 4373 Its major function may be to generate CO, which is now recognized as a probable neurohormone (Chapter 30). Bacteria, such as Corynebacterium diphtheriae, employ their own heme oxygenase as a means of recovering iron that they need for growth.438... 

Studies with Corynebacterium diphtheriae were also informative it requires for growth either hypoxanthine alone, or a mixture of adenine... 

Decarboxylation of aspartic acid presumably does not occur in certain yeasts which require 8-alanine for growth in media containing aspartic acid (101) nor in strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae which require added /3-alanine for growth in the presence of a casein hydrolyzate (84). Of the latter organisms, some were able to utilize f-carnosine (but not the d-isom-eride) in place of 8-alanine, but this resulted in a delay in their growth which did not occur when /3-alanine was used. The quantities required of /3-alanine were small and its production from carnosine is also presumably of the order of some m/iM per mg. organisms per hour (83). 

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