Cooling of water

Application. Data were collected on the cooling of water in the atmosphere as a function of time. 

The processes of cooling water are among the oldest known. Usually water is cooled by exposing its surface to air. Some of the processes are slow, such as the cooling of water on the surface of a pond others are comparatively fast, su(di as the spraying of water into air. These processes all involve the exposure of water surface to air in varying degrees. 

The cooling of water or industrial fluid, other than refrigerant, will follow a similar design. The fluid is circulated through the... 

Cooling of water can be carried out on a small scale either by allowing it to stand in an open pond or by the spray pond technique in which it is dispersed in spray form and then collected in a large, open pond. Cooling takes place both by the transference of sensible heat and by evaporative cooling as a result of which sensible heat in the water provides the latent heal of vaporisation. 

Besides the obvious processes of humidification and dehumidifica-tion of air for control of environment, interaction of air and water is a major aspect of the drying of wet solids and the cooling of water for process needs. Heat and mass transfer then occur simultaneously. For equilibrium under adiabatic conditions, the energy balance is... 

The amount of carcass cooling due to evaporative cooling of water is... 

Cooling a liquid. The cooling occurs by transfer of sensible heat and also by evaporation. The principal application is cooling of water by contact with atmospheric air. 

The even temperature of water above the jump layer is due to mixing of water in this zone. The motion is brought about by wind, or by the night cooling of water. Density of water increases proportionally with decreasing temperature in the jump layer towards the bottom, therefore the warmer upper layer does not become mixed with the more viscous and cooler water... 

---